Paeonian Springs is an unincorporated community in Loudoun County, Virginia, United States. It is located at the intersection of the Charles Town Pike and the Harry Byrd Highway. Paeonian Springs was established in 1890 and is currently served by a post office. The town is named after Paean, the Ancient Greek physician of the gods.The Paeonian Springs Historic District was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2006.Developers began construction of the town in 1871 and the town was established in 1890. It was originally developed as a resort town for citizens of Washington DC trying to escape the city in the summer. When developers advertised the town upon its completion they said it had "excellent water, mountain air and magnificent scenery".The Washington & Ohio railroad played an integral role in the towns development for its first 50 years, making 8 stops in the town every day.By 1901 the town had three hotels, a downtown area, and a village green.